March 3, 2026
The Ocean Is Visible Now, What Happens Next Is Up to Us
The ocean is no longer invisible. Satellites can now track fishing vessels across the planet in near real time. So if we can see the exploitation, what happens next?
In this episode of How to Protect the Ocean, we break down how satellite monitoring, AIS tracking, radar systems, and machine learning have fundamentally changed ocean enforcement. Industrial fishing now covers more than half of the ocean’s surface. Some vessels turn off their tracking systems near marine protected areas. Others cluster just outside boundaries in a practice known as “fishing the line.” But here is the shift: noncompliance now leaves digital fingerprints. The era of invisible exploitation is ending.
We also examine what this means for illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, a global problem that costs an estimated 10 to 23 billion US dollars every year and disproportionately impacts developing coastal nations. Technology has increased detection. Detection increases deterrence. But data does not enforce itself. Satellites can expose violations, but governments must still act.
The ocean is visible now. Accountability is possible. Enforcement is still a decision.
Listen to the full episode and stay informed on how ocean protection is evolving in real time.
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Transcript
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Satellite
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monitoring is
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changing ocean
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protection.
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You can turn off
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your transponder.
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You can change
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your flag.
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You can even move
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at night, but you
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cannot hide from
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space any longer.
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This is the How
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to Protect the
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Ocean podcast,
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your weekly ocean
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news update.
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If you care about
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staying informed
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about the ocean
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every weekday,
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hit that
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follow button
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right now so you
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don't miss
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tomorrow's story.
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Let's start off
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with satellite
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tracking.
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So satellite
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tracking, AIS
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systems and
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machine learning
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are
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transforming the
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way we do ocean
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enforcement for
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the first time in
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history.
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Large scale
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fishing effort
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can be observed
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globally near and
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near real time.
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Enforcement is no
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longer limited to
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patrol boats,
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which we talked
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about in
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yesterday's
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episode.
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So the key
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question here is
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can technology
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close the
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enforcement gap
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in marine
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protection? Let's
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talk about the
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evolution of
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monitoring or
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even the
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revolution of
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monitoring.
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Automatic
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identification
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systems, AIS,
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were originally
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designed to avoid
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collision.
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So large ships
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move at night or
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move around.
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And sometimes it's difficult to
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see where
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they are.
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They don't want
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to collide
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mid trip.
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And so that could
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be a big help to
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make sure that
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they know where
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everybody is.
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Large vessels are
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required to
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broadcast
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location, speed
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and course.
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So these signals
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can be captured
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by satellites and
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organizations now
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aggregate
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AIS data
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globally.
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So global fishing
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watch, which I'll
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put the website
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in the show notes
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so that you can
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get access to
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what they do
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because they're a
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great
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organization.
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They have made
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much of this data
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globally
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accessible.
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So for the first
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time, fishing
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effort is visible
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at a planetary
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scale and
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visibility
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changes
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incentives.
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Just a quick
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story about AIS.
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I did a project
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for the
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government of
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Canada for DFO
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Department of
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Fisheries oceans
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in the way on the
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east coast
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of Canada.
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When I was a
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contractor and
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the biggest thing
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that they wanted
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to do is find out
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where vessels go
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along the east
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coast of Canada.
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And we used AIS
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data that we got
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from coast, the
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coast guard, the
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Canadian
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coast guard.
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And we were able
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to use and make
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tracks and look
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at heat maps of
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where the most
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popular areas and
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shipping lanes
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were for
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the ships.
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It was great
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data, but it was
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always
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behind a wall.
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It was very difficult even
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for the
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Department of
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Fisheries and
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Oceans to get
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access to this
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data because they
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wanted to make
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sure that not
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everybody had
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access to it
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because, you
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know, you got to
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worry about
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safety and
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everything
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like that.
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Global fishing
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watch is making
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it accessible
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publicly so that
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you have access
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to this AIS data.
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Now, I don't know
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how old the AIS
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data is.
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I'm sure it's
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fairly recent,
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but this is going
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to help
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conservationists
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and fisheries
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managers enjoy
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making maps of
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the shipping
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lanes and even
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for fisheries to
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make sure they
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know where
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everybody is at
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all times in
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terms of fishing.
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Now, there is
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also a study that
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came out that 75%
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of fishing
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vessels do not
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have their AIS
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turned on, which
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is a problem and
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that needs
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to be solved.
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But satellite
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imagery can come
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in and help out.
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So research using
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tracking has
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shown that
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industrial
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fishing activity
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covers more than
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55% of the ocean
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surface.
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That's like
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that's that's
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half of the ocean
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surface, right?
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And the ocean
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covers 71%
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of the planet.
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Think about how
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often these ships
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are around and
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how much it
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actually covers.
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Fishing effort
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concentrates
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around productive
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regions and MPa
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boundaries.
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Why MPa
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boundaries? We've
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talked about this
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in the past over
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the past couple
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of weeks.
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It's because
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they're
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productive
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because they
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allow for the
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biomass and
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numbers of
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animals, a fish
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to and all
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different types
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of seafood to be
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able to spill
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over those
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boundaries.
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So they're always
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around those
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boundaries.
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Now, some vessels
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deliberately turn
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off their AIS
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near
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protected areas.
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So patterns of
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dark activity can
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be detected using
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radar satellite.
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So that means you
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don't have to
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have a satellite
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just looks at the
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visual spectrum.
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Radar satellite
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looks at a
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spectrum that you
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cannot normally
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detect when you
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are looking out
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at the night.
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So you're able to
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see ships at
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night where they
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are and
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how they do.
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That's why we say
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they cannot hide
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anymore.
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So synthetic
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aperture radar,
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which is SAR,
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which is what the
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radar is, can
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detect vessels
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even if the AIS
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is turned off.
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So whether
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they're at night
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or the GPS is
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turned off, they
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can actually
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detect them where
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they are and what
304
00:04:18,208 --> 00:04:18,791
they're doing.
305
00:04:19,250 --> 00:04:19,750
Non-compliance
306
00:04:19,750 --> 00:04:20,958
leaves digital
307
00:04:20,958 --> 00:04:21,416
fingerprints.
308
00:04:21,750 --> 00:04:22,041
This is an
309
00:04:22,041 --> 00:04:22,708
important fact.
310
00:04:23,208 --> 00:04:24,375
You know, we need
311
00:04:24,375 --> 00:04:25,041
to make sure that
312
00:04:25,041 --> 00:04:25,791
we can account
313
00:04:25,791 --> 00:04:26,541
for these fishing
314
00:04:26,541 --> 00:04:26,958
vessels,
315
00:04:26,958 --> 00:04:27,750
especially if
316
00:04:27,750 --> 00:04:28,208
they're near
317
00:04:28,208 --> 00:04:29,166
productive or
318
00:04:29,166 --> 00:04:30,000
protected areas,
319
00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:30,666
because that's
320
00:04:30,666 --> 00:04:30,875
where the
321
00:04:30,875 --> 00:04:31,250
fish are.
322
00:04:31,666 --> 00:04:32,125
And that's where
323
00:04:32,125 --> 00:04:32,500
a lot of the
324
00:04:32,500 --> 00:04:33,541
illegal activity
325
00:04:33,541 --> 00:04:34,458
is happening. And
326
00:04:34,458 --> 00:04:34,833
that's where a
327
00:04:34,833 --> 00:04:35,083
lot of the
328
00:04:35,083 --> 00:04:35,666
illegal activity
329
00:04:35,666 --> 00:04:36,250
is happening.
330
00:04:37,000 --> 00:04:37,375
Now let's talk
331
00:04:37,375 --> 00:04:38,125
about illegal,
332
00:04:38,125 --> 00:04:38,875
unreported and
333
00:04:38,875 --> 00:04:39,416
unregulated
334
00:04:39,416 --> 00:04:40,750
fishing, IU
335
00:04:40,750 --> 00:04:41,166
fishing.
336
00:04:41,541 --> 00:04:42,541
So I you fishing
337
00:04:42,541 --> 00:04:43,416
cost the global
338
00:04:43,416 --> 00:04:44,416
economy and
339
00:04:44,416 --> 00:04:45,958
estimated 10 to
340
00:04:45,958 --> 00:04:47,208
23 billion US
341
00:04:47,208 --> 00:04:48,041
dollars annually.
342
00:04:48,500 --> 00:04:48,791
That's a
343
00:04:48,791 --> 00:04:49,333
huge amount.
344
00:04:49,875 --> 00:04:49,958
It
345
00:04:49,958 --> 00:04:50,750
disproportionately
346
00:04:50,750 --> 00:04:51,375
affects
347
00:04:51,375 --> 00:04:51,958
developing
348
00:04:51,958 --> 00:04:52,958
coastal nations
349
00:04:52,958 --> 00:04:53,791
and weak
350
00:04:53,791 --> 00:04:54,416
enforcement
351
00:04:54,416 --> 00:04:55,250
regions are
352
00:04:55,250 --> 00:04:55,791
especially
353
00:04:55,791 --> 00:04:56,250
vulnerable.
354
00:04:56,291 --> 00:04:57,750
So areas like of
355
00:04:57,750 --> 00:04:58,541
like say
356
00:04:58,541 --> 00:04:59,333
countries that
357
00:04:59,333 --> 00:05:00,291
cannot afford to
358
00:05:00,291 --> 00:05:00,916
do enforcement,
359
00:05:00,916 --> 00:05:01,291
that do not have
360
00:05:01,291 --> 00:05:01,916
the funding and
361
00:05:01,916 --> 00:05:02,333
we talked about
362
00:05:02,333 --> 00:05:03,250
yesterday to do
363
00:05:03,250 --> 00:05:03,791
enforcement.
364
00:05:03,791 --> 00:05:04,500
That's where
365
00:05:04,500 --> 00:05:05,000
illegal fishing
366
00:05:05,000 --> 00:05:05,625
happens. That's
367
00:05:05,625 --> 00:05:06,125
where the IU
368
00:05:06,125 --> 00:05:07,458
fishing actually
369
00:05:07,458 --> 00:05:08,000
happens.
370
00:05:08,541 --> 00:05:09,125
So the high seas
371
00:05:09,125 --> 00:05:10,125
fleets often
372
00:05:10,125 --> 00:05:11,500
operate far from
373
00:05:11,500 --> 00:05:11,958
national
374
00:05:11,958 --> 00:05:13,125
oversight. So
375
00:05:13,125 --> 00:05:13,458
satellite
376
00:05:13,458 --> 00:05:13,875
monitoring
377
00:05:13,875 --> 00:05:14,500
increases
378
00:05:14,500 --> 00:05:14,916
detection
379
00:05:14,916 --> 00:05:15,625
probability. They
380
00:05:15,625 --> 00:05:16,250
can go anywhere.
381
00:05:16,291 --> 00:05:17,458
Doesn't matter if
382
00:05:17,458 --> 00:05:17,833
they're out of
383
00:05:17,833 --> 00:05:18,541
the reach of a
384
00:05:18,541 --> 00:05:19,166
lot of the patrol
385
00:05:19,166 --> 00:05:20,083
boats. It doesn't
386
00:05:20,083 --> 00:05:20,916
matter if they're
387
00:05:20,916 --> 00:05:21,583
in areas that are
388
00:05:21,583 --> 00:05:22,291
fully remote.
389
00:05:22,750 --> 00:05:23,375
These are areas
390
00:05:23,375 --> 00:05:23,958
that can be
391
00:05:23,958 --> 00:05:24,791
accessible
392
00:05:24,791 --> 00:05:26,041
through satellite
393
00:05:26,041 --> 00:05:26,875
imagery. Now with
394
00:05:26,875 --> 00:05:27,291
satellite
395
00:05:27,291 --> 00:05:28,041
imagery, SARS can
396
00:05:28,041 --> 00:05:28,291
look through
397
00:05:28,291 --> 00:05:28,750
clouds,
398
00:05:28,750 --> 00:05:29,083
which is great.
399
00:05:29,500 --> 00:05:29,875
Other satellite
400
00:05:29,875 --> 00:05:30,458
imagery that's
401
00:05:30,458 --> 00:05:31,166
not SARS like
402
00:05:31,166 --> 00:05:31,875
this, not radar
403
00:05:31,875 --> 00:05:33,000
is something that
404
00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:33,500
you have to be
405
00:05:33,500 --> 00:05:34,000
concerned about
406
00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:34,333
because you'll
407
00:05:34,333 --> 00:05:35,041
get like, you
408
00:05:35,041 --> 00:05:35,875
know, clouds on a
409
00:05:35,875 --> 00:05:36,791
cloudy day. You
410
00:05:36,791 --> 00:05:37,000
know, these
411
00:05:37,000 --> 00:05:37,583
fishers might get
412
00:05:37,583 --> 00:05:38,250
a little smart. I don't know.
413
00:05:38,291 --> 00:05:39,791
But you know, you
414
00:05:39,791 --> 00:05:40,166
have to be
415
00:05:40,166 --> 00:05:40,541
careful with
416
00:05:40,541 --> 00:05:41,083
that. But with
417
00:05:41,083 --> 00:05:41,541
this radar
418
00:05:41,541 --> 00:05:42,416
detection, it
419
00:05:42,416 --> 00:05:43,250
actually helps.
420
00:05:43,791 --> 00:05:44,000
All right. The
421
00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:44,333
detection
422
00:05:44,333 --> 00:05:44,916
probably
423
00:05:44,916 --> 00:05:46,500
increases the
424
00:05:46,500 --> 00:05:47,125
deterrence,
425
00:05:47,666 --> 00:05:48,083
right? The fact
426
00:05:48,083 --> 00:05:49,208
that that fishers
427
00:05:49,208 --> 00:05:49,625
know that they
428
00:05:49,625 --> 00:05:50,291
can be detected
429
00:05:50,291 --> 00:05:50,958
by satellite,
430
00:05:51,291 --> 00:05:51,708
that actually
431
00:05:51,708 --> 00:05:52,291
probably helps
432
00:05:52,291 --> 00:05:53,000
with the turn. So
433
00:05:53,000 --> 00:05:53,625
deterrence will
434
00:05:53,625 --> 00:05:54,708
change the way
435
00:05:54,708 --> 00:05:55,500
people behave
436
00:05:55,500 --> 00:05:57,208
around MPAs,
437
00:05:57,208 --> 00:05:57,500
around
438
00:05:57,500 --> 00:05:58,250
productive sites.
439
00:05:59,291 --> 00:05:59,666
Now, global
440
00:05:59,666 --> 00:06:00,666
fishing watch as
441
00:06:00,666 --> 00:06:02,458
an example, shows
442
00:06:02,458 --> 00:06:03,250
that technology
443
00:06:03,250 --> 00:06:05,083
in action. So,
444
00:06:05,291 --> 00:06:05,625
you know, it
445
00:06:05,625 --> 00:06:06,333
provides open
446
00:06:06,333 --> 00:06:07,416
access maps of
447
00:06:07,416 --> 00:06:08,125
global fishing
448
00:06:08,125 --> 00:06:08,875
effort, which
449
00:06:08,875 --> 00:06:09,416
always helps.
450
00:06:09,875 --> 00:06:10,666
This data is used
451
00:06:10,666 --> 00:06:11,416
by journalists,
452
00:06:11,416 --> 00:06:12,083
scientists and
453
00:06:12,083 --> 00:06:13,000
governments, and
454
00:06:13,000 --> 00:06:14,166
it helps identify
455
00:06:14,166 --> 00:06:14,833
suspicious
456
00:06:14,833 --> 00:06:16,041
activity inside
457
00:06:16,041 --> 00:06:17,000
MPAs, especially
458
00:06:17,000 --> 00:06:17,625
when you have
459
00:06:17,625 --> 00:06:18,583
boats that are,
460
00:06:18,583 --> 00:06:19,000
you know,
461
00:06:19,291 --> 00:06:19,791
skirting around
462
00:06:19,791 --> 00:06:20,375
the boundaries.
463
00:06:20,708 --> 00:06:21,166
These boundaries
464
00:06:21,166 --> 00:06:22,666
are not visible
465
00:06:22,666 --> 00:06:23,166
when you're
466
00:06:23,166 --> 00:06:23,666
out at sea.
467
00:06:24,291 --> 00:06:24,791
You know, you
468
00:06:24,791 --> 00:06:24,958
know it from a
469
00:06:24,958 --> 00:06:25,625
GPS and they
470
00:06:25,625 --> 00:06:26,083
probably have the
471
00:06:26,083 --> 00:06:26,500
boundaries on
472
00:06:26,500 --> 00:06:27,083
their navigation
473
00:06:27,083 --> 00:06:28,041
maps, but you
474
00:06:28,041 --> 00:06:28,541
don't really see
475
00:06:28,541 --> 00:06:29,166
it on the ocean.
476
00:06:29,583 --> 00:06:29,791
So they can
477
00:06:29,791 --> 00:06:30,333
always say that
478
00:06:30,333 --> 00:06:30,833
they didn't know
479
00:06:30,833 --> 00:06:31,333
they were inside
480
00:06:31,333 --> 00:06:32,083
or out. But now
481
00:06:32,083 --> 00:06:32,791
with satellite,
482
00:06:32,791 --> 00:06:33,416
you can tell if
483
00:06:33,416 --> 00:06:33,791
they're inside
484
00:06:33,791 --> 00:06:34,500
now. And the fact
485
00:06:34,500 --> 00:06:35,375
that satellite
486
00:06:35,375 --> 00:06:36,416
imagery can come
487
00:06:36,416 --> 00:06:37,250
in faster than
488
00:06:37,250 --> 00:06:38,375
ever, you know,
489
00:06:38,458 --> 00:06:38,833
there's some
490
00:06:38,833 --> 00:06:39,875
sites back in the
491
00:06:39,875 --> 00:06:40,708
day, back in the
492
00:06:40,708 --> 00:06:41,500
day in the early
493
00:06:41,500 --> 00:06:42,500
2000s, when I was
494
00:06:42,500 --> 00:06:43,041
using satellite,
495
00:06:43,375 --> 00:06:44,041
you had to wait
496
00:06:44,041 --> 00:06:45,083
like a day or you
497
00:06:45,083 --> 00:06:45,541
had to wake up.
498
00:06:45,541 --> 00:06:46,041
So it's very
499
00:06:46,041 --> 00:06:46,500
difficult for
500
00:06:46,500 --> 00:06:47,458
detection of
501
00:06:47,458 --> 00:06:47,958
illegal fishing.
502
00:06:48,541 --> 00:06:49,125
But once you
503
00:06:49,125 --> 00:06:49,833
actually are able
504
00:06:49,833 --> 00:06:50,500
to get it almost
505
00:06:50,500 --> 00:06:51,250
near real time,
506
00:06:51,500 --> 00:06:51,958
that actually
507
00:06:51,958 --> 00:06:52,500
helps. So it
508
00:06:52,500 --> 00:06:53,166
increases
509
00:06:53,166 --> 00:06:55,291
transparency for
510
00:06:55,291 --> 00:06:55,916
distant water
511
00:06:55,916 --> 00:06:57,166
fleets, right?
512
00:06:57,375 --> 00:06:57,833
This is that's
513
00:06:57,833 --> 00:06:58,291
what that's what
514
00:06:58,291 --> 00:06:58,958
it really it
515
00:06:58,958 --> 00:07:00,125
really does. In
516
00:07:00,125 --> 00:07:00,875
some regions,
517
00:07:00,875 --> 00:07:01,500
governments now
518
00:07:01,500 --> 00:07:02,041
use satellite
519
00:07:02,041 --> 00:07:03,000
alerts to trigger
520
00:07:03,000 --> 00:07:03,458
patrol
521
00:07:03,458 --> 00:07:03,708
deployment.
522
00:07:04,291 --> 00:07:05,208
So if someone's
523
00:07:05,208 --> 00:07:05,958
near a marine
524
00:07:05,958 --> 00:07:06,708
protected area,
525
00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:08,416
boom, it sends a
526
00:07:08,416 --> 00:07:09,250
trigger that
527
00:07:09,250 --> 00:07:10,166
trigger goes to
528
00:07:10,166 --> 00:07:11,041
the patrol unit.
529
00:07:11,041 --> 00:07:11,750
The patrol unit
530
00:07:11,750 --> 00:07:12,416
goes out to make
531
00:07:12,416 --> 00:07:12,833
sure that they
532
00:07:12,833 --> 00:07:13,583
can get there in
533
00:07:13,583 --> 00:07:14,458
time in case
534
00:07:14,458 --> 00:07:14,750
there's any
535
00:07:14,750 --> 00:07:15,625
illegal activity.
536
00:07:16,083 --> 00:07:16,958
So enforcement is
537
00:07:16,958 --> 00:07:17,666
actually becoming
538
00:07:17,666 --> 00:07:18,333
data driven,
539
00:07:18,333 --> 00:07:18,583
which for
540
00:07:18,583 --> 00:07:20,125
scientists, that
541
00:07:20,125 --> 00:07:21,250
is where it's at.
542
00:07:21,500 --> 00:07:22,083
Now, studies show
543
00:07:22,083 --> 00:07:22,541
that fishing
544
00:07:22,541 --> 00:07:23,458
effort often
545
00:07:23,458 --> 00:07:24,125
clusters just
546
00:07:24,125 --> 00:07:24,916
outside of MP
547
00:07:24,916 --> 00:07:25,500
boundaries. Like
548
00:07:25,500 --> 00:07:25,958
I mentioned,
549
00:07:26,666 --> 00:07:27,458
fishing the line
550
00:07:27,458 --> 00:07:27,916
is a common
551
00:07:27,916 --> 00:07:28,458
practice of
552
00:07:28,458 --> 00:07:28,958
fishing that
553
00:07:28,958 --> 00:07:29,666
boundary line.
554
00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:30,541
Some incursions
555
00:07:30,541 --> 00:07:31,458
occur inside
556
00:07:31,458 --> 00:07:32,500
weekly enforced
557
00:07:32,500 --> 00:07:33,541
MPAs. And then
558
00:07:33,541 --> 00:07:34,083
the satellite
559
00:07:34,083 --> 00:07:35,000
helps document
560
00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:35,833
these violations
561
00:07:35,833 --> 00:07:36,291
in well
562
00:07:36,291 --> 00:07:37,291
enforced MPAs.
563
00:07:37,583 --> 00:07:38,083
Visible vessel
564
00:07:38,083 --> 00:07:38,916
traffic inside
565
00:07:38,916 --> 00:07:39,541
boundaries is
566
00:07:39,541 --> 00:07:40,208
actually minimal
567
00:07:40,208 --> 00:07:41,166
because we know
568
00:07:41,166 --> 00:07:42,291
one satellites is
569
00:07:42,291 --> 00:07:43,208
monitoring these
570
00:07:43,208 --> 00:07:43,708
areas and the
571
00:07:43,708 --> 00:07:44,291
patrol boats can
572
00:07:44,291 --> 00:07:45,250
go out. So
573
00:07:45,250 --> 00:07:45,750
technology
574
00:07:45,750 --> 00:07:46,875
strengthens the
575
00:07:46,875 --> 00:07:47,416
accountability
576
00:07:47,416 --> 00:07:49,375
within MPAs. Now,
577
00:07:49,375 --> 00:07:49,583
of course,
578
00:07:49,583 --> 00:07:49,750
there's
579
00:07:49,750 --> 00:07:50,250
always gaps.
580
00:07:50,291 --> 00:07:51,000
When we talk
581
00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:52,125
about any kind of
582
00:07:52,125 --> 00:07:52,708
data driven
583
00:07:52,708 --> 00:07:54,083
technology. So
584
00:07:54,083 --> 00:07:54,875
the technology is
585
00:07:54,875 --> 00:07:55,708
not a silver
586
00:07:55,708 --> 00:07:56,500
bullet. So
587
00:07:56,500 --> 00:07:57,375
smaller vessels
588
00:07:57,375 --> 00:07:58,708
often do not
589
00:07:58,708 --> 00:08:00,208
carry a is so we
590
00:08:00,208 --> 00:08:01,083
get difficult to
591
00:08:01,083 --> 00:08:01,750
tell if there's a
592
00:08:01,750 --> 00:08:02,458
smaller vessel in
593
00:08:02,458 --> 00:08:02,791
there. Some
594
00:08:02,791 --> 00:08:03,833
vessels spoof
595
00:08:03,833 --> 00:08:04,750
location data.
596
00:08:04,750 --> 00:08:05,250
They're got,
597
00:08:05,250 --> 00:08:05,500
they're getting
598
00:08:05,500 --> 00:08:06,333
smart and we have
599
00:08:06,333 --> 00:08:06,958
to be smarter.
600
00:08:07,458 --> 00:08:08,000
And enforcement
601
00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:08,958
still requires
602
00:08:08,958 --> 00:08:09,916
legal authority
603
00:08:09,916 --> 00:08:10,750
and prosecution.
604
00:08:10,750 --> 00:08:11,583
So you still once
605
00:08:11,583 --> 00:08:11,833
you get
606
00:08:11,833 --> 00:08:12,291
enforcement, you
607
00:08:12,291 --> 00:08:12,833
can catch the
608
00:08:12,833 --> 00:08:13,791
people, but you
609
00:08:13,791 --> 00:08:14,083
have to bring
610
00:08:14,083 --> 00:08:14,666
them back and
611
00:08:14,666 --> 00:08:15,125
particular to
612
00:08:15,125 --> 00:08:15,833
court. And of
613
00:08:15,833 --> 00:08:16,583
course, sometimes
614
00:08:16,583 --> 00:08:17,083
like I know in
615
00:08:17,083 --> 00:08:17,875
Canada, a lot of
616
00:08:17,875 --> 00:08:18,791
times the
617
00:08:18,791 --> 00:08:19,250
punishment doesn't fit in.
618
00:08:19,291 --> 00:08:19,750
The punishment
619
00:08:19,750 --> 00:08:20,458
doesn't fit the
620
00:08:20,458 --> 00:08:21,375
crime. You know,
621
00:08:21,375 --> 00:08:21,916
so a lot of times
622
00:08:21,916 --> 00:08:22,500
they'll get off
623
00:08:22,500 --> 00:08:23,208
with a lot more,
624
00:08:23,208 --> 00:08:23,708
maybe a small
625
00:08:23,708 --> 00:08:24,541
fine and that
626
00:08:24,541 --> 00:08:25,250
might be worth
627
00:08:25,250 --> 00:08:26,000
getting, you
628
00:08:26,000 --> 00:08:26,541
know, a small
629
00:08:26,541 --> 00:08:28,416
fine as you know,
630
00:08:28,416 --> 00:08:30,083
if the payment is
631
00:08:30,083 --> 00:08:30,583
worth it.
632
00:08:30,916 --> 00:08:32,541
However, if you
633
00:08:32,541 --> 00:08:33,000
could get
634
00:08:33,000 --> 00:08:34,166
continued found,
635
00:08:34,166 --> 00:08:34,375
if you're
636
00:08:34,375 --> 00:08:35,000
continually found
637
00:08:35,000 --> 00:08:35,750
guilty in court,
638
00:08:36,041 --> 00:08:36,625
then maybe that
639
00:08:36,625 --> 00:08:38,125
will affect what
640
00:08:38,125 --> 00:08:38,500
you're going to
641
00:08:38,500 --> 00:08:39,083
do later on
642
00:08:39,083 --> 00:08:39,333
because the
643
00:08:39,333 --> 00:08:39,708
punishment is
644
00:08:39,708 --> 00:08:40,000
going to get
645
00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:40,708
stronger and
646
00:08:40,708 --> 00:08:41,458
stronger and
647
00:08:41,458 --> 00:08:42,250
stronger. Right.
648
00:08:42,333 --> 00:08:43,333
So many countries
649
00:08:43,333 --> 00:08:45,000
lack capacity to
650
00:08:45,000 --> 00:08:45,583
respond to
651
00:08:45,583 --> 00:08:46,291
satellite alerts.
652
00:08:46,583 --> 00:08:46,958
So that's a
653
00:08:46,958 --> 00:08:47,625
problem. You can
654
00:08:47,625 --> 00:08:48,416
detect as much as
655
00:08:48,416 --> 00:08:49,291
you want, but if
656
00:08:49,291 --> 00:08:49,958
you can't catch
657
00:08:49,958 --> 00:08:50,916
them, that's a
658
00:08:50,916 --> 00:08:51,541
difficulty. So
659
00:08:51,541 --> 00:08:52,000
technology
660
00:08:52,000 --> 00:08:52,583
creates
661
00:08:52,583 --> 00:08:53,500
visibility, but
662
00:08:53,500 --> 00:08:54,541
visibility must
663
00:08:54,541 --> 00:08:55,500
translate into
664
00:08:55,500 --> 00:08:56,750
action. We still
665
00:08:56,750 --> 00:08:57,125
need that
666
00:08:57,125 --> 00:08:57,791
enforcement like
667
00:08:57,791 --> 00:08:58,250
we talked about yesterday.
668
00:08:59,291 --> 00:09:01,083
Now, satellite
669
00:09:01,083 --> 00:09:02,000
monitoring shifts
670
00:09:02,000 --> 00:09:02,583
the balance of
671
00:09:02,583 --> 00:09:04,625
power back to the
672
00:09:04,625 --> 00:09:05,375
government, let's
673
00:09:05,375 --> 00:09:06,083
say, or the
674
00:09:06,083 --> 00:09:06,541
monitoring
675
00:09:06,541 --> 00:09:07,541
agencies. It
676
00:09:07,541 --> 00:09:08,500
reduces plausible
677
00:09:08,500 --> 00:09:09,458
deniability. It
678
00:09:09,458 --> 00:09:10,000
exposes
679
00:09:10,000 --> 00:09:10,708
inconsistencies
680
00:09:10,708 --> 00:09:12,083
between policy
681
00:09:12,083 --> 00:09:13,416
and practice. It
682
00:09:13,416 --> 00:09:14,833
allows NGOs and
683
00:09:14,833 --> 00:09:15,875
civil society to
684
00:09:15,875 --> 00:09:16,666
hold governments
685
00:09:16,666 --> 00:09:17,291
accountable.
686
00:09:18,083 --> 00:09:18,416
Ocean governments
687
00:09:18,416 --> 00:09:19,000
is becoming
688
00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:20,500
transparent, but
689
00:09:20,500 --> 00:09:21,208
transparency only
690
00:09:21,208 --> 00:09:21,875
matters if
691
00:09:21,875 --> 00:09:22,500
consequences
692
00:09:22,500 --> 00:09:23,291
follow, just like
693
00:09:23,291 --> 00:09:23,416
I
694
00:09:23,416 --> 00:09:24,041
mentioned before.
695
00:09:24,708 --> 00:09:25,291
Now, if you enjoy
696
00:09:25,291 --> 00:09:25,875
this type of
697
00:09:25,875 --> 00:09:26,458
evidence based
698
00:09:26,458 --> 00:09:27,333
ocean reporting
699
00:09:27,333 --> 00:09:28,208
that goes beyond
700
00:09:28,208 --> 00:09:28,833
the headlines,
701
00:09:29,250 --> 00:09:30,000
follow the show
702
00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:30,875
and hit that
703
00:09:30,875 --> 00:09:32,250
follow button and
704
00:09:32,250 --> 00:09:32,750
don't miss
705
00:09:32,750 --> 00:09:33,250
tomorrow's
706
00:09:33,250 --> 00:09:34,833
episode. Now
707
00:09:34,833 --> 00:09:35,666
let's just frame
708
00:09:35,666 --> 00:09:36,625
it up here and
709
00:09:36,625 --> 00:09:37,250
the final part.
710
00:09:37,291 --> 00:09:38,750
Now technology
711
00:09:38,750 --> 00:09:39,916
has changed the
712
00:09:39,916 --> 00:09:40,625
equation. We've
713
00:09:40,625 --> 00:09:41,458
gotten better for
714
00:09:41,458 --> 00:09:42,041
decades. The
715
00:09:42,041 --> 00:09:42,666
ocean was too
716
00:09:42,666 --> 00:09:43,500
vast to monitor.
717
00:09:43,875 --> 00:09:44,583
It was hard to be
718
00:09:44,583 --> 00:09:45,333
everywhere at
719
00:09:45,333 --> 00:09:46,791
once. Now it is
720
00:09:46,791 --> 00:09:47,833
visible. Illegal
721
00:09:47,833 --> 00:09:48,875
fishing leaves a
722
00:09:48,875 --> 00:09:49,541
digital trace
723
00:09:49,541 --> 00:09:50,416
boundary
724
00:09:50,416 --> 00:09:51,625
violations can be
725
00:09:51,625 --> 00:09:53,000
mapped effort can
726
00:09:53,000 --> 00:09:54,208
be quantified.
727
00:09:54,208 --> 00:09:55,333
The era of
728
00:09:55,333 --> 00:09:55,791
invisible
729
00:09:55,791 --> 00:09:56,916
exploitation is
730
00:09:56,916 --> 00:09:57,958
actually ending.
731
00:09:58,500 --> 00:09:59,250
But here is the critical point.
732
00:10:00,291 --> 00:10:02,583
Data does not
733
00:10:02,583 --> 00:10:03,375
enforce itself.
734
00:10:04,041 --> 00:10:04,541
Satellites can
735
00:10:04,541 --> 00:10:04,875
detect
736
00:10:04,875 --> 00:10:05,500
violations.
737
00:10:06,166 --> 00:10:06,833
Governments must
738
00:10:06,833 --> 00:10:08,541
still act and
739
00:10:08,541 --> 00:10:09,250
technology. It's
740
00:10:09,250 --> 00:10:10,000
just a tool.
741
00:10:10,666 --> 00:10:11,375
Enforcement is
742
00:10:11,375 --> 00:10:11,833
the actual
743
00:10:11,833 --> 00:10:12,833
decision and
744
00:10:12,833 --> 00:10:13,666
protection still
745
00:10:13,666 --> 00:10:14,250
depends on that political will.
746
00:10:14,541 --> 00:10:17,166
So I'd love to
747
00:10:17,166 --> 00:10:17,583
hear your
748
00:10:17,583 --> 00:10:18,416
thoughts on this
749
00:10:18,416 --> 00:10:19,375
episode on
750
00:10:19,375 --> 00:10:19,625
satellite
751
00:10:19,625 --> 00:10:20,791
detection. Have
752
00:10:20,791 --> 00:10:21,500
you been working
753
00:10:21,500 --> 00:10:22,041
with satellite
754
00:10:22,041 --> 00:10:22,833
imagery before?
755
00:10:23,250 --> 00:10:23,625
What is your
756
00:10:23,625 --> 00:10:24,875
experience? What
757
00:10:24,875 --> 00:10:25,541
have you done? If
758
00:10:25,541 --> 00:10:25,708
you were
759
00:10:25,708 --> 00:10:26,250
especially in the
760
00:10:26,250 --> 00:10:27,041
fisheries area?
761
00:10:27,041 --> 00:10:27,875
If you're just
762
00:10:27,875 --> 00:10:28,250
listening to this
763
00:10:28,250 --> 00:10:28,583
for the first
764
00:10:28,583 --> 00:10:29,250
time, love to
765
00:10:29,250 --> 00:10:29,500
hear your
766
00:10:29,500 --> 00:10:29,916
thoughts. Do you
767
00:10:29,916 --> 00:10:30,583
think this will
768
00:10:30,583 --> 00:10:31,458
work? If we'd
769
00:10:31,458 --> 00:10:31,958
like to hear more
770
00:10:31,958 --> 00:10:32,625
examples, we can
771
00:10:32,625 --> 00:10:33,125
talk about more
772
00:10:33,125 --> 00:10:34,208
examples, let me
773
00:10:34,208 --> 00:10:35,125
know how you feel
774
00:10:35,125 --> 00:10:35,625
by going to
775
00:10:35,625 --> 00:10:37,125
SpeakUpForBlue.com
776
00:10:37,125 --> 00:10:38,291
forward slash
777
00:10:38,291 --> 00:10:39,166
feedback that
778
00:10:39,166 --> 00:10:41,000
SpeakUpForBlue.com
779
00:10:41,000 --> 00:10:41,833
forward slash
780
00:10:41,833 --> 00:10:42,583
feedback. I would
781
00:10:42,583 --> 00:10:43,458
love to hear your
782
00:10:43,458 --> 00:10:44,250
thoughts. And of course, I'd love to hear your thoughts.
783
00:10:44,291 --> 00:10:47,291
of information
784
00:10:47,291 --> 00:10:48,291
about the ocean,
785
00:10:48,625 --> 00:10:49,125
hit that follow
786
00:10:49,125 --> 00:10:50,041
button and share
787
00:10:50,041 --> 00:10:50,750
it with a friend.
788
00:10:51,166 --> 00:10:51,750
The best way that
789
00:10:51,750 --> 00:10:52,291
we can get in
790
00:10:52,291 --> 00:10:52,666
front of more
791
00:10:52,666 --> 00:10:53,541
people and teach
792
00:10:53,541 --> 00:10:54,291
people more about
793
00:10:54,291 --> 00:10:54,916
the ocean and
794
00:10:55,208 --> 00:10:55,583
conservation
795
00:10:55,583 --> 00:10:56,083
that's hitting
796
00:10:56,083 --> 00:10:56,708
the ocean and the
797
00:10:56,708 --> 00:10:57,166
issues that are
798
00:10:57,166 --> 00:10:57,750
hitting the ocean
799
00:10:57,750 --> 00:10:58,625
is really to
800
00:10:58,625 --> 00:10:59,500
refer a friend.
801
00:10:59,875 --> 00:11:00,333
So refer this to
802
00:11:00,333 --> 00:11:01,333
a friend and you
803
00:11:01,333 --> 00:11:01,833
get brownie
804
00:11:01,833 --> 00:11:02,416
points from me.
805
00:11:02,625 --> 00:11:03,000
I want to thank
806
00:11:03,000 --> 00:11:03,625
you so much for
807
00:11:03,625 --> 00:11:04,125
joining me on
808
00:11:04,125 --> 00:11:04,750
today's episode
809
00:11:04,750 --> 00:11:05,291
of the How to
810
00:11:05,291 --> 00:11:05,833
Protect the Ocean
811
00:11:05,833 --> 00:11:06,041
podcast.
812
00:11:06,291 --> 00:11:06,708
I'm your host,
813
00:11:06,875 --> 00:11:07,208
Andrew Lewin.
814
00:11:07,541 --> 00:11:08,041
Have a great day.
815
00:11:08,041 --> 00:11:08,458
We'll talk to you
816
00:11:08,458 --> 00:11:09,375
next time and
817
00:11:09,375 --> 00:11:09,583
happy
818
00:11:09,583 --> 00:11:10,166
conservation.
00:00:00,166 --> 00:00:00,500
Satellite
2
00:00:00,500 --> 00:00:01,333
monitoring is
3
00:00:01,333 --> 00:00:02,458
changing ocean
4
00:00:02,458 --> 00:00:03,000
protection.
5
00:00:03,500 --> 00:00:04,000
You can turn off
6
00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:04,750
your transponder.
7
00:00:05,375 --> 00:00:06,125
You can change
8
00:00:06,125 --> 00:00:06,625
your flag.
9
00:00:07,333 --> 00:00:08,250
You can even move
10
00:00:08,250 --> 00:00:09,541
at night, but you
11
00:00:09,541 --> 00:00:11,125
cannot hide from
12
00:00:11,125 --> 00:00:12,625
space any longer.
13
00:00:13,333 --> 00:00:13,708
This is the How
14
00:00:13,708 --> 00:00:14,125
to Protect the
15
00:00:14,125 --> 00:00:14,666
Ocean podcast,
16
00:00:15,041 --> 00:00:15,708
your weekly ocean
17
00:00:15,708 --> 00:00:16,375
news update.
18
00:00:16,791 --> 00:00:17,500
If you care about
19
00:00:17,500 --> 00:00:18,250
staying informed
20
00:00:18,250 --> 00:00:19,041
about the ocean
21
00:00:19,041 --> 00:00:20,083
every weekday,
22
00:00:20,458 --> 00:00:20,791
hit that
23
00:00:20,791 --> 00:00:21,333
follow button
24
00:00:21,333 --> 00:00:22,666
right now so you
25
00:00:22,666 --> 00:00:23,083
don't miss
26
00:00:23,083 --> 00:00:24,125
tomorrow's story.
27
00:00:24,750 --> 00:00:25,500
Let's start off
28
00:00:25,500 --> 00:00:26,541
with satellite
29
00:00:26,541 --> 00:00:27,333
tracking.
30
00:00:27,375 --> 00:00:27,750
So satellite
31
00:00:27,750 --> 00:00:28,833
tracking, AIS
32
00:00:28,833 --> 00:00:29,708
systems and
33
00:00:29,708 --> 00:00:30,416
machine learning
34
00:00:30,416 --> 00:00:30,666
are
35
00:00:30,666 --> 00:00:32,291
transforming the
36
00:00:32,291 --> 00:00:33,000
way we do ocean
37
00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:34,166
enforcement for
38
00:00:34,166 --> 00:00:34,958
the first time in
39
00:00:34,958 --> 00:00:35,166
history.
40
00:00:35,500 --> 00:00:36,166
Large scale
41
00:00:36,166 --> 00:00:37,000
fishing effort
42
00:00:37,000 --> 00:00:37,875
can be observed
43
00:00:37,875 --> 00:00:39,541
globally near and
44
00:00:39,541 --> 00:00:40,583
near real time.
45
00:00:40,958 --> 00:00:41,875
Enforcement is no
46
00:00:41,875 --> 00:00:43,000
longer limited to
47
00:00:43,000 --> 00:00:43,666
patrol boats,
48
00:00:43,666 --> 00:00:44,041
which we talked
49
00:00:44,041 --> 00:00:44,583
about in
50
00:00:44,625 --> 00:00:45,333
yesterday's
51
00:00:45,333 --> 00:00:45,750
episode.
52
00:00:46,250 --> 00:00:46,541
So the key
53
00:00:46,541 --> 00:00:47,166
question here is
54
00:00:47,166 --> 00:00:47,958
can technology
55
00:00:47,958 --> 00:00:48,583
close the
56
00:00:48,583 --> 00:00:49,500
enforcement gap
57
00:00:49,500 --> 00:00:50,458
in marine
58
00:00:50,541 --> 00:00:51,583
protection? Let's
59
00:00:51,583 --> 00:00:52,166
talk about the
60
00:00:52,166 --> 00:00:53,458
evolution of
61
00:00:53,458 --> 00:00:54,208
monitoring or
62
00:00:54,208 --> 00:00:54,500
even the
63
00:00:54,541 --> 00:00:55,583
revolution of
64
00:00:55,583 --> 00:00:56,083
monitoring.
65
00:00:56,541 --> 00:00:57,000
Automatic
66
00:00:57,000 --> 00:00:57,666
identification
67
00:00:57,666 --> 00:00:58,708
systems, AIS,
68
00:00:59,125 --> 00:00:59,791
were originally
69
00:00:59,791 --> 00:01:01,250
designed to avoid
70
00:01:01,250 --> 00:01:01,833
collision.
71
00:01:02,208 --> 00:01:03,041
So large ships
72
00:01:03,041 --> 00:01:04,000
move at night or
73
00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:04,625
move around.
74
00:01:04,958 --> 00:01:06,041
And sometimes it's difficult to
75
00:01:06,041 --> 00:01:06,416
see where
76
00:01:06,416 --> 00:01:06,958
they are.
77
00:01:07,291 --> 00:01:07,625
They don't want
78
00:01:07,625 --> 00:01:08,208
to collide
79
00:01:08,208 --> 00:01:09,916
mid trip.
80
00:01:10,416 --> 00:01:11,291
And so that could
81
00:01:11,291 --> 00:01:12,500
be a big help to
82
00:01:12,500 --> 00:01:12,958
make sure that
83
00:01:12,958 --> 00:01:13,750
they know where
84
00:01:13,750 --> 00:01:14,458
everybody is.
85
00:01:14,833 --> 00:01:15,500
Large vessels are
86
00:01:15,500 --> 00:01:16,125
required to
87
00:01:16,125 --> 00:01:16,708
broadcast
88
00:01:16,708 --> 00:01:18,083
location, speed
89
00:01:18,083 --> 00:01:18,916
and course.
90
00:01:18,916 --> 00:01:19,541
So these signals
91
00:01:19,541 --> 00:01:20,541
can be captured
92
00:01:20,541 --> 00:01:22,083
by satellites and
93
00:01:22,083 --> 00:01:23,125
organizations now
94
00:01:23,125 --> 00:01:23,666
aggregate
95
00:01:23,916 --> 00:01:24,750
AIS data
96
00:01:24,750 --> 00:01:25,458
globally.
97
00:01:26,125 --> 00:01:26,708
So global fishing
98
00:01:26,708 --> 00:01:27,250
watch, which I'll
99
00:01:27,250 --> 00:01:28,166
put the website
100
00:01:28,166 --> 00:01:29,291
in the show notes
101
00:01:29,291 --> 00:01:29,708
so that you can
102
00:01:29,708 --> 00:01:30,416
get access to
103
00:01:30,416 --> 00:01:31,083
what they do
104
00:01:31,083 --> 00:01:31,500
because they're a
105
00:01:31,500 --> 00:01:31,708
great
106
00:01:31,708 --> 00:01:32,250
organization.
107
00:01:32,791 --> 00:01:32,958
They have made
108
00:01:32,958 --> 00:01:34,625
much of this data
109
00:01:34,625 --> 00:01:35,291
globally
110
00:01:35,291 --> 00:01:35,958
accessible.
111
00:01:36,500 --> 00:01:36,958
So for the first
112
00:01:36,958 --> 00:01:37,583
time, fishing
113
00:01:37,583 --> 00:01:38,791
effort is visible
114
00:01:38,791 --> 00:01:39,958
at a planetary
115
00:01:39,958 --> 00:01:40,916
scale and
116
00:01:40,916 --> 00:01:41,375
visibility
117
00:01:41,375 --> 00:01:42,375
changes
118
00:01:42,375 --> 00:01:43,041
incentives.
119
00:01:43,500 --> 00:01:43,875
Just a quick
120
00:01:43,875 --> 00:01:45,416
story about AIS.
121
00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:47,458
I did a project
122
00:01:47,458 --> 00:01:47,791
for the
123
00:01:47,791 --> 00:01:48,416
government of
124
00:01:48,416 --> 00:01:49,625
Canada for DFO
125
00:01:49,625 --> 00:01:50,125
Department of
126
00:01:50,125 --> 00:01:50,666
Fisheries oceans
127
00:01:50,666 --> 00:01:51,500
in the way on the
128
00:01:51,500 --> 00:01:51,750
east coast
129
00:01:51,750 --> 00:01:52,125
of Canada.
130
00:01:52,708 --> 00:01:53,541
When I was a
131
00:01:53,541 --> 00:01:54,541
contractor and
132
00:01:54,541 --> 00:01:55,250
the biggest thing
133
00:01:55,250 --> 00:01:55,625
that they wanted
134
00:01:55,625 --> 00:01:56,375
to do is find out
135
00:01:56,375 --> 00:01:57,333
where vessels go
136
00:01:57,333 --> 00:01:58,500
along the east
137
00:01:58,500 --> 00:01:59,333
coast of Canada.
138
00:01:59,708 --> 00:02:00,541
And we used AIS
139
00:02:00,541 --> 00:02:01,416
data that we got
140
00:02:01,416 --> 00:02:02,791
from coast, the
141
00:02:02,791 --> 00:02:03,708
coast guard, the
142
00:02:03,708 --> 00:02:04,125
Canadian
143
00:02:04,125 --> 00:02:04,583
coast guard.
144
00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:05,458
And we were able
145
00:02:05,458 --> 00:02:06,458
to use and make
146
00:02:06,458 --> 00:02:07,166
tracks and look
147
00:02:07,166 --> 00:02:08,125
at heat maps of
148
00:02:08,125 --> 00:02:09,125
where the most
149
00:02:09,125 --> 00:02:10,333
popular areas and
150
00:02:10,333 --> 00:02:10,833
shipping lanes
151
00:02:10,833 --> 00:02:11,791
were for
152
00:02:11,791 --> 00:02:12,375
the ships.
153
00:02:13,166 --> 00:02:13,583
It was great
154
00:02:13,583 --> 00:02:14,166
data, but it was
155
00:02:14,166 --> 00:02:14,750
always
156
00:02:14,750 --> 00:02:16,041
behind a wall.
157
00:02:16,291 --> 00:02:17,000
It was very difficult even
158
00:02:17,000 --> 00:02:17,875
for the
159
00:02:17,875 --> 00:02:18,208
Department of
160
00:02:18,208 --> 00:02:18,583
Fisheries and
161
00:02:18,583 --> 00:02:19,041
Oceans to get
162
00:02:19,041 --> 00:02:19,708
access to this
163
00:02:19,708 --> 00:02:20,250
data because they
164
00:02:20,250 --> 00:02:20,791
wanted to make
165
00:02:20,791 --> 00:02:21,583
sure that not
166
00:02:21,583 --> 00:02:22,208
everybody had
167
00:02:22,208 --> 00:02:22,666
access to it
168
00:02:22,666 --> 00:02:22,916
because, you
169
00:02:22,916 --> 00:02:23,625
know, you got to
170
00:02:23,625 --> 00:02:23,916
worry about
171
00:02:23,916 --> 00:02:24,416
safety and
172
00:02:24,416 --> 00:02:24,583
everything
173
00:02:24,583 --> 00:02:25,250
like that.
174
00:02:25,583 --> 00:02:25,916
Global fishing
175
00:02:25,916 --> 00:02:26,750
watch is making
176
00:02:26,750 --> 00:02:27,375
it accessible
177
00:02:27,375 --> 00:02:28,416
publicly so that
178
00:02:28,416 --> 00:02:29,125
you have access
179
00:02:29,125 --> 00:02:30,041
to this AIS data.
180
00:02:30,291 --> 00:02:30,666
Now, I don't know
181
00:02:30,666 --> 00:02:31,416
how old the AIS
182
00:02:31,416 --> 00:02:31,958
data is.
183
00:02:32,166 --> 00:02:32,500
I'm sure it's
184
00:02:32,500 --> 00:02:33,875
fairly recent,
185
00:02:34,208 --> 00:02:34,666
but this is going
186
00:02:34,666 --> 00:02:35,083
to help
187
00:02:35,083 --> 00:02:35,791
conservationists
188
00:02:35,791 --> 00:02:36,166
and fisheries
189
00:02:36,166 --> 00:02:37,291
managers enjoy
190
00:02:37,291 --> 00:02:39,291
making maps of
191
00:02:39,291 --> 00:02:39,833
the shipping
192
00:02:39,833 --> 00:02:40,750
lanes and even
193
00:02:40,750 --> 00:02:41,875
for fisheries to
194
00:02:41,875 --> 00:02:42,333
make sure they
195
00:02:42,333 --> 00:02:43,000
know where
196
00:02:43,000 --> 00:02:43,833
everybody is at
197
00:02:43,833 --> 00:02:44,833
all times in
198
00:02:44,833 --> 00:02:45,250
terms of fishing.
199
00:02:45,291 --> 00:02:46,583
Now, there is
200
00:02:46,583 --> 00:02:47,708
also a study that
201
00:02:47,708 --> 00:02:48,416
came out that 75%
202
00:02:48,791 --> 00:02:49,166
of fishing
203
00:02:49,166 --> 00:02:49,833
vessels do not
204
00:02:49,833 --> 00:02:50,708
have their AIS
205
00:02:50,708 --> 00:02:51,916
turned on, which
206
00:02:51,916 --> 00:02:52,750
is a problem and
207
00:02:52,750 --> 00:02:53,041
that needs
208
00:02:53,041 --> 00:02:53,625
to be solved.
209
00:02:54,000 --> 00:02:54,500
But satellite
210
00:02:54,500 --> 00:02:55,708
imagery can come
211
00:02:55,708 --> 00:02:56,875
in and help out.
212
00:02:57,916 --> 00:02:59,000
So research using
213
00:02:59,000 --> 00:02:59,833
tracking has
214
00:02:59,833 --> 00:03:00,333
shown that
215
00:03:00,333 --> 00:03:00,791
industrial
216
00:03:00,791 --> 00:03:01,500
fishing activity
217
00:03:01,500 --> 00:03:02,166
covers more than
218
00:03:02,166 --> 00:03:03,958
55% of the ocean
219
00:03:03,958 --> 00:03:04,375
surface.
220
00:03:04,583 --> 00:03:05,916
That's like
221
00:03:05,916 --> 00:03:07,000
that's that's
222
00:03:07,000 --> 00:03:08,083
half of the ocean
223
00:03:08,083 --> 00:03:09,250
surface, right?
224
00:03:09,416 --> 00:03:09,916
And the ocean
225
00:03:09,916 --> 00:03:10,583
covers 71%
226
00:03:10,916 --> 00:03:11,250
of the planet.
227
00:03:11,291 --> 00:03:13,000
Think about how
228
00:03:13,000 --> 00:03:14,416
often these ships
229
00:03:14,416 --> 00:03:15,250
are around and
230
00:03:15,250 --> 00:03:15,750
how much it
231
00:03:15,750 --> 00:03:16,458
actually covers.
232
00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:17,291
Fishing effort
233
00:03:17,291 --> 00:03:18,000
concentrates
234
00:03:18,000 --> 00:03:18,958
around productive
235
00:03:18,958 --> 00:03:20,458
regions and MPa
236
00:03:20,458 --> 00:03:20,875
boundaries.
237
00:03:20,875 --> 00:03:21,416
Why MPa
238
00:03:21,416 --> 00:03:22,041
boundaries? We've
239
00:03:22,041 --> 00:03:22,625
talked about this
240
00:03:22,625 --> 00:03:23,625
in the past over
241
00:03:23,625 --> 00:03:24,125
the past couple
242
00:03:24,125 --> 00:03:24,541
of weeks.
243
00:03:24,541 --> 00:03:25,375
It's because
244
00:03:25,375 --> 00:03:25,541
they're
245
00:03:25,541 --> 00:03:25,958
productive
246
00:03:25,958 --> 00:03:26,500
because they
247
00:03:26,500 --> 00:03:27,458
allow for the
248
00:03:27,458 --> 00:03:28,083
biomass and
249
00:03:28,083 --> 00:03:28,750
numbers of
250
00:03:28,750 --> 00:03:30,000
animals, a fish
251
00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:31,750
to and all
252
00:03:31,750 --> 00:03:32,208
different types
253
00:03:32,208 --> 00:03:33,166
of seafood to be
254
00:03:33,166 --> 00:03:33,625
able to spill
255
00:03:33,625 --> 00:03:34,333
over those
256
00:03:34,333 --> 00:03:34,791
boundaries.
257
00:03:34,791 --> 00:03:35,416
So they're always
258
00:03:35,416 --> 00:03:36,083
around those
259
00:03:36,083 --> 00:03:36,250
boundaries.
260
00:03:36,291 --> 00:03:37,500
Now, some vessels
261
00:03:37,500 --> 00:03:38,625
deliberately turn
262
00:03:38,625 --> 00:03:39,333
off their AIS
263
00:03:39,333 --> 00:03:39,958
near
264
00:03:39,958 --> 00:03:41,291
protected areas.
265
00:03:41,916 --> 00:03:42,791
So patterns of
266
00:03:42,791 --> 00:03:44,666
dark activity can
267
00:03:44,666 --> 00:03:47,083
be detected using
268
00:03:47,083 --> 00:03:48,041
radar satellite.
269
00:03:48,500 --> 00:03:49,583
So that means you
270
00:03:49,583 --> 00:03:50,083
don't have to
271
00:03:50,083 --> 00:03:50,666
have a satellite
272
00:03:50,666 --> 00:03:51,541
just looks at the
273
00:03:51,541 --> 00:03:52,375
visual spectrum.
274
00:03:52,833 --> 00:03:53,291
Radar satellite
275
00:03:53,291 --> 00:03:53,958
looks at a
276
00:03:53,958 --> 00:03:54,500
spectrum that you
277
00:03:54,500 --> 00:03:55,166
cannot normally
278
00:03:55,166 --> 00:03:56,583
detect when you
279
00:03:56,583 --> 00:03:57,625
are looking out
280
00:03:57,625 --> 00:03:58,125
at the night.
281
00:03:58,458 --> 00:03:59,125
So you're able to
282
00:03:59,125 --> 00:04:00,083
see ships at
283
00:04:00,083 --> 00:04:00,833
night where they
284
00:04:00,833 --> 00:04:01,458
are and
285
00:04:01,458 --> 00:04:01,833
how they do.
286
00:04:01,833 --> 00:04:02,458
That's why we say
287
00:04:02,458 --> 00:04:03,500
they cannot hide
288
00:04:03,500 --> 00:04:04,250
anymore.
289
00:04:04,291 --> 00:04:05,625
So synthetic
290
00:04:05,625 --> 00:04:06,916
aperture radar,
291
00:04:06,916 --> 00:04:07,625
which is SAR,
292
00:04:07,625 --> 00:04:08,375
which is what the
293
00:04:08,375 --> 00:04:10,208
radar is, can
294
00:04:10,208 --> 00:04:11,041
detect vessels
295
00:04:11,041 --> 00:04:12,375
even if the AIS
296
00:04:12,375 --> 00:04:13,208
is turned off.
297
00:04:13,750 --> 00:04:14,000
So whether
298
00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:14,541
they're at night
299
00:04:14,541 --> 00:04:15,416
or the GPS is
300
00:04:15,416 --> 00:04:16,166
turned off, they
301
00:04:16,166 --> 00:04:16,541
can actually
302
00:04:16,541 --> 00:04:17,125
detect them where
303
00:04:17,125 --> 00:04:18,208
they are and what
304
00:04:18,208 --> 00:04:18,791
they're doing.
305
00:04:19,250 --> 00:04:19,750
Non-compliance
306
00:04:19,750 --> 00:04:20,958
leaves digital
307
00:04:20,958 --> 00:04:21,416
fingerprints.
308
00:04:21,750 --> 00:04:22,041
This is an
309
00:04:22,041 --> 00:04:22,708
important fact.
310
00:04:23,208 --> 00:04:24,375
You know, we need
311
00:04:24,375 --> 00:04:25,041
to make sure that
312
00:04:25,041 --> 00:04:25,791
we can account
313
00:04:25,791 --> 00:04:26,541
for these fishing
314
00:04:26,541 --> 00:04:26,958
vessels,
315
00:04:26,958 --> 00:04:27,750
especially if
316
00:04:27,750 --> 00:04:28,208
they're near
317
00:04:28,208 --> 00:04:29,166
productive or
318
00:04:29,166 --> 00:04:30,000
protected areas,
319
00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:30,666
because that's
320
00:04:30,666 --> 00:04:30,875
where the
321
00:04:30,875 --> 00:04:31,250
fish are.
322
00:04:31,666 --> 00:04:32,125
And that's where
323
00:04:32,125 --> 00:04:32,500
a lot of the
324
00:04:32,500 --> 00:04:33,541
illegal activity
325
00:04:33,541 --> 00:04:34,458
is happening. And
326
00:04:34,458 --> 00:04:34,833
that's where a
327
00:04:34,833 --> 00:04:35,083
lot of the
328
00:04:35,083 --> 00:04:35,666
illegal activity
329
00:04:35,666 --> 00:04:36,250
is happening.
330
00:04:37,000 --> 00:04:37,375
Now let's talk
331
00:04:37,375 --> 00:04:38,125
about illegal,
332
00:04:38,125 --> 00:04:38,875
unreported and
333
00:04:38,875 --> 00:04:39,416
unregulated
334
00:04:39,416 --> 00:04:40,750
fishing, IU
335
00:04:40,750 --> 00:04:41,166
fishing.
336
00:04:41,541 --> 00:04:42,541
So I you fishing
337
00:04:42,541 --> 00:04:43,416
cost the global
338
00:04:43,416 --> 00:04:44,416
economy and
339
00:04:44,416 --> 00:04:45,958
estimated 10 to
340
00:04:45,958 --> 00:04:47,208
23 billion US
341
00:04:47,208 --> 00:04:48,041
dollars annually.
342
00:04:48,500 --> 00:04:48,791
That's a
343
00:04:48,791 --> 00:04:49,333
huge amount.
344
00:04:49,875 --> 00:04:49,958
It
345
00:04:49,958 --> 00:04:50,750
disproportionately
346
00:04:50,750 --> 00:04:51,375
affects
347
00:04:51,375 --> 00:04:51,958
developing
348
00:04:51,958 --> 00:04:52,958
coastal nations
349
00:04:52,958 --> 00:04:53,791
and weak
350
00:04:53,791 --> 00:04:54,416
enforcement
351
00:04:54,416 --> 00:04:55,250
regions are
352
00:04:55,250 --> 00:04:55,791
especially
353
00:04:55,791 --> 00:04:56,250
vulnerable.
354
00:04:56,291 --> 00:04:57,750
So areas like of
355
00:04:57,750 --> 00:04:58,541
like say
356
00:04:58,541 --> 00:04:59,333
countries that
357
00:04:59,333 --> 00:05:00,291
cannot afford to
358
00:05:00,291 --> 00:05:00,916
do enforcement,
359
00:05:00,916 --> 00:05:01,291
that do not have
360
00:05:01,291 --> 00:05:01,916
the funding and
361
00:05:01,916 --> 00:05:02,333
we talked about
362
00:05:02,333 --> 00:05:03,250
yesterday to do
363
00:05:03,250 --> 00:05:03,791
enforcement.
364
00:05:03,791 --> 00:05:04,500
That's where
365
00:05:04,500 --> 00:05:05,000
illegal fishing
366
00:05:05,000 --> 00:05:05,625
happens. That's
367
00:05:05,625 --> 00:05:06,125
where the IU
368
00:05:06,125 --> 00:05:07,458
fishing actually
369
00:05:07,458 --> 00:05:08,000
happens.
370
00:05:08,541 --> 00:05:09,125
So the high seas
371
00:05:09,125 --> 00:05:10,125
fleets often
372
00:05:10,125 --> 00:05:11,500
operate far from
373
00:05:11,500 --> 00:05:11,958
national
374
00:05:11,958 --> 00:05:13,125
oversight. So
375
00:05:13,125 --> 00:05:13,458
satellite
376
00:05:13,458 --> 00:05:13,875
monitoring
377
00:05:13,875 --> 00:05:14,500
increases
378
00:05:14,500 --> 00:05:14,916
detection
379
00:05:14,916 --> 00:05:15,625
probability. They
380
00:05:15,625 --> 00:05:16,250
can go anywhere.
381
00:05:16,291 --> 00:05:17,458
Doesn't matter if
382
00:05:17,458 --> 00:05:17,833
they're out of
383
00:05:17,833 --> 00:05:18,541
the reach of a
384
00:05:18,541 --> 00:05:19,166
lot of the patrol
385
00:05:19,166 --> 00:05:20,083
boats. It doesn't
386
00:05:20,083 --> 00:05:20,916
matter if they're
387
00:05:20,916 --> 00:05:21,583
in areas that are
388
00:05:21,583 --> 00:05:22,291
fully remote.
389
00:05:22,750 --> 00:05:23,375
These are areas
390
00:05:23,375 --> 00:05:23,958
that can be
391
00:05:23,958 --> 00:05:24,791
accessible
392
00:05:24,791 --> 00:05:26,041
through satellite
393
00:05:26,041 --> 00:05:26,875
imagery. Now with
394
00:05:26,875 --> 00:05:27,291
satellite
395
00:05:27,291 --> 00:05:28,041
imagery, SARS can
396
00:05:28,041 --> 00:05:28,291
look through
397
00:05:28,291 --> 00:05:28,750
clouds,
398
00:05:28,750 --> 00:05:29,083
which is great.
399
00:05:29,500 --> 00:05:29,875
Other satellite
400
00:05:29,875 --> 00:05:30,458
imagery that's
401
00:05:30,458 --> 00:05:31,166
not SARS like
402
00:05:31,166 --> 00:05:31,875
this, not radar
403
00:05:31,875 --> 00:05:33,000
is something that
404
00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:33,500
you have to be
405
00:05:33,500 --> 00:05:34,000
concerned about
406
00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:34,333
because you'll
407
00:05:34,333 --> 00:05:35,041
get like, you
408
00:05:35,041 --> 00:05:35,875
know, clouds on a
409
00:05:35,875 --> 00:05:36,791
cloudy day. You
410
00:05:36,791 --> 00:05:37,000
know, these
411
00:05:37,000 --> 00:05:37,583
fishers might get
412
00:05:37,583 --> 00:05:38,250
a little smart. I don't know.
413
00:05:38,291 --> 00:05:39,791
But you know, you
414
00:05:39,791 --> 00:05:40,166
have to be
415
00:05:40,166 --> 00:05:40,541
careful with
416
00:05:40,541 --> 00:05:41,083
that. But with
417
00:05:41,083 --> 00:05:41,541
this radar
418
00:05:41,541 --> 00:05:42,416
detection, it
419
00:05:42,416 --> 00:05:43,250
actually helps.
420
00:05:43,791 --> 00:05:44,000
All right. The
421
00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:44,333
detection
422
00:05:44,333 --> 00:05:44,916
probably
423
00:05:44,916 --> 00:05:46,500
increases the
424
00:05:46,500 --> 00:05:47,125
deterrence,
425
00:05:47,666 --> 00:05:48,083
right? The fact
426
00:05:48,083 --> 00:05:49,208
that that fishers
427
00:05:49,208 --> 00:05:49,625
know that they
428
00:05:49,625 --> 00:05:50,291
can be detected
429
00:05:50,291 --> 00:05:50,958
by satellite,
430
00:05:51,291 --> 00:05:51,708
that actually
431
00:05:51,708 --> 00:05:52,291
probably helps
432
00:05:52,291 --> 00:05:53,000
with the turn. So
433
00:05:53,000 --> 00:05:53,625
deterrence will
434
00:05:53,625 --> 00:05:54,708
change the way
435
00:05:54,708 --> 00:05:55,500
people behave
436
00:05:55,500 --> 00:05:57,208
around MPAs,
437
00:05:57,208 --> 00:05:57,500
around
438
00:05:57,500 --> 00:05:58,250
productive sites.
439
00:05:59,291 --> 00:05:59,666
Now, global
440
00:05:59,666 --> 00:06:00,666
fishing watch as
441
00:06:00,666 --> 00:06:02,458
an example, shows
442
00:06:02,458 --> 00:06:03,250
that technology
443
00:06:03,250 --> 00:06:05,083
in action. So,
444
00:06:05,291 --> 00:06:05,625
you know, it
445
00:06:05,625 --> 00:06:06,333
provides open
446
00:06:06,333 --> 00:06:07,416
access maps of
447
00:06:07,416 --> 00:06:08,125
global fishing
448
00:06:08,125 --> 00:06:08,875
effort, which
449
00:06:08,875 --> 00:06:09,416
always helps.
450
00:06:09,875 --> 00:06:10,666
This data is used
451
00:06:10,666 --> 00:06:11,416
by journalists,
452
00:06:11,416 --> 00:06:12,083
scientists and
453
00:06:12,083 --> 00:06:13,000
governments, and
454
00:06:13,000 --> 00:06:14,166
it helps identify
455
00:06:14,166 --> 00:06:14,833
suspicious
456
00:06:14,833 --> 00:06:16,041
activity inside
457
00:06:16,041 --> 00:06:17,000
MPAs, especially
458
00:06:17,000 --> 00:06:17,625
when you have
459
00:06:17,625 --> 00:06:18,583
boats that are,
460
00:06:18,583 --> 00:06:19,000
you know,
461
00:06:19,291 --> 00:06:19,791
skirting around
462
00:06:19,791 --> 00:06:20,375
the boundaries.
463
00:06:20,708 --> 00:06:21,166
These boundaries
464
00:06:21,166 --> 00:06:22,666
are not visible
465
00:06:22,666 --> 00:06:23,166
when you're
466
00:06:23,166 --> 00:06:23,666
out at sea.
467
00:06:24,291 --> 00:06:24,791
You know, you
468
00:06:24,791 --> 00:06:24,958
know it from a
469
00:06:24,958 --> 00:06:25,625
GPS and they
470
00:06:25,625 --> 00:06:26,083
probably have the
471
00:06:26,083 --> 00:06:26,500
boundaries on
472
00:06:26,500 --> 00:06:27,083
their navigation
473
00:06:27,083 --> 00:06:28,041
maps, but you
474
00:06:28,041 --> 00:06:28,541
don't really see
475
00:06:28,541 --> 00:06:29,166
it on the ocean.
476
00:06:29,583 --> 00:06:29,791
So they can
477
00:06:29,791 --> 00:06:30,333
always say that
478
00:06:30,333 --> 00:06:30,833
they didn't know
479
00:06:30,833 --> 00:06:31,333
they were inside
480
00:06:31,333 --> 00:06:32,083
or out. But now
481
00:06:32,083 --> 00:06:32,791
with satellite,
482
00:06:32,791 --> 00:06:33,416
you can tell if
483
00:06:33,416 --> 00:06:33,791
they're inside
484
00:06:33,791 --> 00:06:34,500
now. And the fact
485
00:06:34,500 --> 00:06:35,375
that satellite
486
00:06:35,375 --> 00:06:36,416
imagery can come
487
00:06:36,416 --> 00:06:37,250
in faster than
488
00:06:37,250 --> 00:06:38,375
ever, you know,
489
00:06:38,458 --> 00:06:38,833
there's some
490
00:06:38,833 --> 00:06:39,875
sites back in the
491
00:06:39,875 --> 00:06:40,708
day, back in the
492
00:06:40,708 --> 00:06:41,500
day in the early
493
00:06:41,500 --> 00:06:42,500
2000s, when I was
494
00:06:42,500 --> 00:06:43,041
using satellite,
495
00:06:43,375 --> 00:06:44,041
you had to wait
496
00:06:44,041 --> 00:06:45,083
like a day or you
497
00:06:45,083 --> 00:06:45,541
had to wake up.
498
00:06:45,541 --> 00:06:46,041
So it's very
499
00:06:46,041 --> 00:06:46,500
difficult for
500
00:06:46,500 --> 00:06:47,458
detection of
501
00:06:47,458 --> 00:06:47,958
illegal fishing.
502
00:06:48,541 --> 00:06:49,125
But once you
503
00:06:49,125 --> 00:06:49,833
actually are able
504
00:06:49,833 --> 00:06:50,500
to get it almost
505
00:06:50,500 --> 00:06:51,250
near real time,
506
00:06:51,500 --> 00:06:51,958
that actually
507
00:06:51,958 --> 00:06:52,500
helps. So it
508
00:06:52,500 --> 00:06:53,166
increases
509
00:06:53,166 --> 00:06:55,291
transparency for
510
00:06:55,291 --> 00:06:55,916
distant water
511
00:06:55,916 --> 00:06:57,166
fleets, right?
512
00:06:57,375 --> 00:06:57,833
This is that's
513
00:06:57,833 --> 00:06:58,291
what that's what
514
00:06:58,291 --> 00:06:58,958
it really it
515
00:06:58,958 --> 00:07:00,125
really does. In
516
00:07:00,125 --> 00:07:00,875
some regions,
517
00:07:00,875 --> 00:07:01,500
governments now
518
00:07:01,500 --> 00:07:02,041
use satellite
519
00:07:02,041 --> 00:07:03,000
alerts to trigger
520
00:07:03,000 --> 00:07:03,458
patrol
521
00:07:03,458 --> 00:07:03,708
deployment.
522
00:07:04,291 --> 00:07:05,208
So if someone's
523
00:07:05,208 --> 00:07:05,958
near a marine
524
00:07:05,958 --> 00:07:06,708
protected area,
525
00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:08,416
boom, it sends a
526
00:07:08,416 --> 00:07:09,250
trigger that
527
00:07:09,250 --> 00:07:10,166
trigger goes to
528
00:07:10,166 --> 00:07:11,041
the patrol unit.
529
00:07:11,041 --> 00:07:11,750
The patrol unit
530
00:07:11,750 --> 00:07:12,416
goes out to make
531
00:07:12,416 --> 00:07:12,833
sure that they
532
00:07:12,833 --> 00:07:13,583
can get there in
533
00:07:13,583 --> 00:07:14,458
time in case
534
00:07:14,458 --> 00:07:14,750
there's any
535
00:07:14,750 --> 00:07:15,625
illegal activity.
536
00:07:16,083 --> 00:07:16,958
So enforcement is
537
00:07:16,958 --> 00:07:17,666
actually becoming
538
00:07:17,666 --> 00:07:18,333
data driven,
539
00:07:18,333 --> 00:07:18,583
which for
540
00:07:18,583 --> 00:07:20,125
scientists, that
541
00:07:20,125 --> 00:07:21,250
is where it's at.
542
00:07:21,500 --> 00:07:22,083
Now, studies show
543
00:07:22,083 --> 00:07:22,541
that fishing
544
00:07:22,541 --> 00:07:23,458
effort often
545
00:07:23,458 --> 00:07:24,125
clusters just
546
00:07:24,125 --> 00:07:24,916
outside of MP
547
00:07:24,916 --> 00:07:25,500
boundaries. Like
548
00:07:25,500 --> 00:07:25,958
I mentioned,
549
00:07:26,666 --> 00:07:27,458
fishing the line
550
00:07:27,458 --> 00:07:27,916
is a common
551
00:07:27,916 --> 00:07:28,458
practice of
552
00:07:28,458 --> 00:07:28,958
fishing that
553
00:07:28,958 --> 00:07:29,666
boundary line.
554
00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:30,541
Some incursions
555
00:07:30,541 --> 00:07:31,458
occur inside
556
00:07:31,458 --> 00:07:32,500
weekly enforced
557
00:07:32,500 --> 00:07:33,541
MPAs. And then
558
00:07:33,541 --> 00:07:34,083
the satellite
559
00:07:34,083 --> 00:07:35,000
helps document
560
00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:35,833
these violations
561
00:07:35,833 --> 00:07:36,291
in well
562
00:07:36,291 --> 00:07:37,291
enforced MPAs.
563
00:07:37,583 --> 00:07:38,083
Visible vessel
564
00:07:38,083 --> 00:07:38,916
traffic inside
565
00:07:38,916 --> 00:07:39,541
boundaries is
566
00:07:39,541 --> 00:07:40,208
actually minimal
567
00:07:40,208 --> 00:07:41,166
because we know
568
00:07:41,166 --> 00:07:42,291
one satellites is
569
00:07:42,291 --> 00:07:43,208
monitoring these
570
00:07:43,208 --> 00:07:43,708
areas and the
571
00:07:43,708 --> 00:07:44,291
patrol boats can
572
00:07:44,291 --> 00:07:45,250
go out. So
573
00:07:45,250 --> 00:07:45,750
technology
574
00:07:45,750 --> 00:07:46,875
strengthens the
575
00:07:46,875 --> 00:07:47,416
accountability
576
00:07:47,416 --> 00:07:49,375
within MPAs. Now,
577
00:07:49,375 --> 00:07:49,583
of course,
578
00:07:49,583 --> 00:07:49,750
there's
579
00:07:49,750 --> 00:07:50,250
always gaps.
580
00:07:50,291 --> 00:07:51,000
When we talk
581
00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:52,125
about any kind of
582
00:07:52,125 --> 00:07:52,708
data driven
583
00:07:52,708 --> 00:07:54,083
technology. So
584
00:07:54,083 --> 00:07:54,875
the technology is
585
00:07:54,875 --> 00:07:55,708
not a silver
586
00:07:55,708 --> 00:07:56,500
bullet. So
587
00:07:56,500 --> 00:07:57,375
smaller vessels
588
00:07:57,375 --> 00:07:58,708
often do not
589
00:07:58,708 --> 00:08:00,208
carry a is so we
590
00:08:00,208 --> 00:08:01,083
get difficult to
591
00:08:01,083 --> 00:08:01,750
tell if there's a
592
00:08:01,750 --> 00:08:02,458
smaller vessel in
593
00:08:02,458 --> 00:08:02,791
there. Some
594
00:08:02,791 --> 00:08:03,833
vessels spoof
595
00:08:03,833 --> 00:08:04,750
location data.
596
00:08:04,750 --> 00:08:05,250
They're got,
597
00:08:05,250 --> 00:08:05,500
they're getting
598
00:08:05,500 --> 00:08:06,333
smart and we have
599
00:08:06,333 --> 00:08:06,958
to be smarter.
600
00:08:07,458 --> 00:08:08,000
And enforcement
601
00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:08,958
still requires
602
00:08:08,958 --> 00:08:09,916
legal authority
603
00:08:09,916 --> 00:08:10,750
and prosecution.
604
00:08:10,750 --> 00:08:11,583
So you still once
605
00:08:11,583 --> 00:08:11,833
you get
606
00:08:11,833 --> 00:08:12,291
enforcement, you
607
00:08:12,291 --> 00:08:12,833
can catch the
608
00:08:12,833 --> 00:08:13,791
people, but you
609
00:08:13,791 --> 00:08:14,083
have to bring
610
00:08:14,083 --> 00:08:14,666
them back and
611
00:08:14,666 --> 00:08:15,125
particular to
612
00:08:15,125 --> 00:08:15,833
court. And of
613
00:08:15,833 --> 00:08:16,583
course, sometimes
614
00:08:16,583 --> 00:08:17,083
like I know in
615
00:08:17,083 --> 00:08:17,875
Canada, a lot of
616
00:08:17,875 --> 00:08:18,791
times the
617
00:08:18,791 --> 00:08:19,250
punishment doesn't fit in.
618
00:08:19,291 --> 00:08:19,750
The punishment
619
00:08:19,750 --> 00:08:20,458
doesn't fit the
620
00:08:20,458 --> 00:08:21,375
crime. You know,
621
00:08:21,375 --> 00:08:21,916
so a lot of times
622
00:08:21,916 --> 00:08:22,500
they'll get off
623
00:08:22,500 --> 00:08:23,208
with a lot more,
624
00:08:23,208 --> 00:08:23,708
maybe a small
625
00:08:23,708 --> 00:08:24,541
fine and that
626
00:08:24,541 --> 00:08:25,250
might be worth
627
00:08:25,250 --> 00:08:26,000
getting, you
628
00:08:26,000 --> 00:08:26,541
know, a small
629
00:08:26,541 --> 00:08:28,416
fine as you know,
630
00:08:28,416 --> 00:08:30,083
if the payment is
631
00:08:30,083 --> 00:08:30,583
worth it.
632
00:08:30,916 --> 00:08:32,541
However, if you
633
00:08:32,541 --> 00:08:33,000
could get
634
00:08:33,000 --> 00:08:34,166
continued found,
635
00:08:34,166 --> 00:08:34,375
if you're
636
00:08:34,375 --> 00:08:35,000
continually found
637
00:08:35,000 --> 00:08:35,750
guilty in court,
638
00:08:36,041 --> 00:08:36,625
then maybe that
639
00:08:36,625 --> 00:08:38,125
will affect what
640
00:08:38,125 --> 00:08:38,500
you're going to
641
00:08:38,500 --> 00:08:39,083
do later on
642
00:08:39,083 --> 00:08:39,333
because the
643
00:08:39,333 --> 00:08:39,708
punishment is
644
00:08:39,708 --> 00:08:40,000
going to get
645
00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:40,708
stronger and
646
00:08:40,708 --> 00:08:41,458
stronger and
647
00:08:41,458 --> 00:08:42,250
stronger. Right.
648
00:08:42,333 --> 00:08:43,333
So many countries
649
00:08:43,333 --> 00:08:45,000
lack capacity to
650
00:08:45,000 --> 00:08:45,583
respond to
651
00:08:45,583 --> 00:08:46,291
satellite alerts.
652
00:08:46,583 --> 00:08:46,958
So that's a
653
00:08:46,958 --> 00:08:47,625
problem. You can
654
00:08:47,625 --> 00:08:48,416
detect as much as
655
00:08:48,416 --> 00:08:49,291
you want, but if
656
00:08:49,291 --> 00:08:49,958
you can't catch
657
00:08:49,958 --> 00:08:50,916
them, that's a
658
00:08:50,916 --> 00:08:51,541
difficulty. So
659
00:08:51,541 --> 00:08:52,000
technology
660
00:08:52,000 --> 00:08:52,583
creates
661
00:08:52,583 --> 00:08:53,500
visibility, but
662
00:08:53,500 --> 00:08:54,541
visibility must
663
00:08:54,541 --> 00:08:55,500
translate into
664
00:08:55,500 --> 00:08:56,750
action. We still
665
00:08:56,750 --> 00:08:57,125
need that
666
00:08:57,125 --> 00:08:57,791
enforcement like
667
00:08:57,791 --> 00:08:58,250
we talked about yesterday.
668
00:08:59,291 --> 00:09:01,083
Now, satellite
669
00:09:01,083 --> 00:09:02,000
monitoring shifts
670
00:09:02,000 --> 00:09:02,583
the balance of
671
00:09:02,583 --> 00:09:04,625
power back to the
672
00:09:04,625 --> 00:09:05,375
government, let's
673
00:09:05,375 --> 00:09:06,083
say, or the
674
00:09:06,083 --> 00:09:06,541
monitoring
675
00:09:06,541 --> 00:09:07,541
agencies. It
676
00:09:07,541 --> 00:09:08,500
reduces plausible
677
00:09:08,500 --> 00:09:09,458
deniability. It
678
00:09:09,458 --> 00:09:10,000
exposes
679
00:09:10,000 --> 00:09:10,708
inconsistencies
680
00:09:10,708 --> 00:09:12,083
between policy
681
00:09:12,083 --> 00:09:13,416
and practice. It
682
00:09:13,416 --> 00:09:14,833
allows NGOs and
683
00:09:14,833 --> 00:09:15,875
civil society to
684
00:09:15,875 --> 00:09:16,666
hold governments
685
00:09:16,666 --> 00:09:17,291
accountable.
686
00:09:18,083 --> 00:09:18,416
Ocean governments
687
00:09:18,416 --> 00:09:19,000
is becoming
688
00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:20,500
transparent, but
689
00:09:20,500 --> 00:09:21,208
transparency only
690
00:09:21,208 --> 00:09:21,875
matters if
691
00:09:21,875 --> 00:09:22,500
consequences
692
00:09:22,500 --> 00:09:23,291
follow, just like
693
00:09:23,291 --> 00:09:23,416
I
694
00:09:23,416 --> 00:09:24,041
mentioned before.
695
00:09:24,708 --> 00:09:25,291
Now, if you enjoy
696
00:09:25,291 --> 00:09:25,875
this type of
697
00:09:25,875 --> 00:09:26,458
evidence based
698
00:09:26,458 --> 00:09:27,333
ocean reporting
699
00:09:27,333 --> 00:09:28,208
that goes beyond
700
00:09:28,208 --> 00:09:28,833
the headlines,
701
00:09:29,250 --> 00:09:30,000
follow the show
702
00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:30,875
and hit that
703
00:09:30,875 --> 00:09:32,250
follow button and
704
00:09:32,250 --> 00:09:32,750
don't miss
705
00:09:32,750 --> 00:09:33,250
tomorrow's
706
00:09:33,250 --> 00:09:34,833
episode. Now
707
00:09:34,833 --> 00:09:35,666
let's just frame
708
00:09:35,666 --> 00:09:36,625
it up here and
709
00:09:36,625 --> 00:09:37,250
the final part.
710
00:09:37,291 --> 00:09:38,750
Now technology
711
00:09:38,750 --> 00:09:39,916
has changed the
712
00:09:39,916 --> 00:09:40,625
equation. We've
713
00:09:40,625 --> 00:09:41,458
gotten better for
714
00:09:41,458 --> 00:09:42,041
decades. The
715
00:09:42,041 --> 00:09:42,666
ocean was too
716
00:09:42,666 --> 00:09:43,500
vast to monitor.
717
00:09:43,875 --> 00:09:44,583
It was hard to be
718
00:09:44,583 --> 00:09:45,333
everywhere at
719
00:09:45,333 --> 00:09:46,791
once. Now it is
720
00:09:46,791 --> 00:09:47,833
visible. Illegal
721
00:09:47,833 --> 00:09:48,875
fishing leaves a
722
00:09:48,875 --> 00:09:49,541
digital trace
723
00:09:49,541 --> 00:09:50,416
boundary
724
00:09:50,416 --> 00:09:51,625
violations can be
725
00:09:51,625 --> 00:09:53,000
mapped effort can
726
00:09:53,000 --> 00:09:54,208
be quantified.
727
00:09:54,208 --> 00:09:55,333
The era of
728
00:09:55,333 --> 00:09:55,791
invisible
729
00:09:55,791 --> 00:09:56,916
exploitation is
730
00:09:56,916 --> 00:09:57,958
actually ending.
731
00:09:58,500 --> 00:09:59,250
But here is the critical point.
732
00:10:00,291 --> 00:10:02,583
Data does not
733
00:10:02,583 --> 00:10:03,375
enforce itself.
734
00:10:04,041 --> 00:10:04,541
Satellites can
735
00:10:04,541 --> 00:10:04,875
detect
736
00:10:04,875 --> 00:10:05,500
violations.
737
00:10:06,166 --> 00:10:06,833
Governments must
738
00:10:06,833 --> 00:10:08,541
still act and
739
00:10:08,541 --> 00:10:09,250
technology. It's
740
00:10:09,250 --> 00:10:10,000
just a tool.
741
00:10:10,666 --> 00:10:11,375
Enforcement is
742
00:10:11,375 --> 00:10:11,833
the actual
743
00:10:11,833 --> 00:10:12,833
decision and
744
00:10:12,833 --> 00:10:13,666
protection still
745
00:10:13,666 --> 00:10:14,250
depends on that political will.
746
00:10:14,541 --> 00:10:17,166
So I'd love to
747
00:10:17,166 --> 00:10:17,583
hear your
748
00:10:17,583 --> 00:10:18,416
thoughts on this
749
00:10:18,416 --> 00:10:19,375
episode on
750
00:10:19,375 --> 00:10:19,625
satellite
751
00:10:19,625 --> 00:10:20,791
detection. Have
752
00:10:20,791 --> 00:10:21,500
you been working
753
00:10:21,500 --> 00:10:22,041
with satellite
754
00:10:22,041 --> 00:10:22,833
imagery before?
755
00:10:23,250 --> 00:10:23,625
What is your
756
00:10:23,625 --> 00:10:24,875
experience? What
757
00:10:24,875 --> 00:10:25,541
have you done? If
758
00:10:25,541 --> 00:10:25,708
you were
759
00:10:25,708 --> 00:10:26,250
especially in the
760
00:10:26,250 --> 00:10:27,041
fisheries area?
761
00:10:27,041 --> 00:10:27,875
If you're just
762
00:10:27,875 --> 00:10:28,250
listening to this
763
00:10:28,250 --> 00:10:28,583
for the first
764
00:10:28,583 --> 00:10:29,250
time, love to
765
00:10:29,250 --> 00:10:29,500
hear your
766
00:10:29,500 --> 00:10:29,916
thoughts. Do you
767
00:10:29,916 --> 00:10:30,583
think this will
768
00:10:30,583 --> 00:10:31,458
work? If we'd
769
00:10:31,458 --> 00:10:31,958
like to hear more
770
00:10:31,958 --> 00:10:32,625
examples, we can
771
00:10:32,625 --> 00:10:33,125
talk about more
772
00:10:33,125 --> 00:10:34,208
examples, let me
773
00:10:34,208 --> 00:10:35,125
know how you feel
774
00:10:35,125 --> 00:10:35,625
by going to
775
00:10:35,625 --> 00:10:37,125
SpeakUpForBlue.com
776
00:10:37,125 --> 00:10:38,291
forward slash
777
00:10:38,291 --> 00:10:39,166
feedback that
778
00:10:39,166 --> 00:10:41,000
SpeakUpForBlue.com
779
00:10:41,000 --> 00:10:41,833
forward slash
780
00:10:41,833 --> 00:10:42,583
feedback. I would
781
00:10:42,583 --> 00:10:43,458
love to hear your
782
00:10:43,458 --> 00:10:44,250
thoughts. And of course, I'd love to hear your thoughts.
783
00:10:44,291 --> 00:10:47,291
of information
784
00:10:47,291 --> 00:10:48,291
about the ocean,
785
00:10:48,625 --> 00:10:49,125
hit that follow
786
00:10:49,125 --> 00:10:50,041
button and share
787
00:10:50,041 --> 00:10:50,750
it with a friend.
788
00:10:51,166 --> 00:10:51,750
The best way that
789
00:10:51,750 --> 00:10:52,291
we can get in
790
00:10:52,291 --> 00:10:52,666
front of more
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00:10:52,666 --> 00:10:53,541
people and teach
792
00:10:53,541 --> 00:10:54,291
people more about
793
00:10:54,291 --> 00:10:54,916
the ocean and
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00:10:55,208 --> 00:10:55,583
conservation
795
00:10:55,583 --> 00:10:56,083
that's hitting
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00:10:56,083 --> 00:10:56,708
the ocean and the
797
00:10:56,708 --> 00:10:57,166
issues that are
798
00:10:57,166 --> 00:10:57,750
hitting the ocean
799
00:10:57,750 --> 00:10:58,625
is really to
800
00:10:58,625 --> 00:10:59,500
refer a friend.
801
00:10:59,875 --> 00:11:00,333
So refer this to
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00:11:00,333 --> 00:11:01,333
a friend and you
803
00:11:01,333 --> 00:11:01,833
get brownie
804
00:11:01,833 --> 00:11:02,416
points from me.
805
00:11:02,625 --> 00:11:03,000
I want to thank
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00:11:03,000 --> 00:11:03,625
you so much for
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00:11:03,625 --> 00:11:04,125
joining me on
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00:11:04,125 --> 00:11:04,750
today's episode
809
00:11:04,750 --> 00:11:05,291
of the How to
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00:11:05,291 --> 00:11:05,833
Protect the Ocean
811
00:11:05,833 --> 00:11:06,041
podcast.
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00:11:06,291 --> 00:11:06,708
I'm your host,
813
00:11:06,875 --> 00:11:07,208
Andrew Lewin.
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00:11:07,541 --> 00:11:08,041
Have a great day.
815
00:11:08,041 --> 00:11:08,458
We'll talk to you
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00:11:08,458 --> 00:11:09,375
next time and
817
00:11:09,375 --> 00:11:09,583
happy
818
00:11:09,583 --> 00:11:10,166
conservation.
